Prompting helps children learn new skills, but fading those prompts prevents dependency. Using a structured hierarchy ensures children gain true independence.
When teaching a child a new skill—like brushing teeth or putting on shoes—it is natural to want to jump in and do it for them to save time. However, over-assisting can create “prompt dependency,” where a child waits for your help rather than trying independently.
The Prompting Hierarchy (From Most to Least Support)
- Full Physical: Gently hand-over-hand guiding the movement.
- Partial Physical: A light nudge at the elbow or wrist.
- Modeling: Demonstrating the action first so the child can imitate it.
- Gestural or Verbal: Pointing to the item or giving a gentle verbal cue.
- Independent: The child completes the task completely on their own.
Tip: Always aim to use the least amount of help necessary for success, and systematically fade your support over time so your child builds true mastery and self-reliance.
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